Saitunan sassaka na laser sun bambanta dangane da kayan aiki, nau'in laser, da kuma ƙarfinsa. 60W CO2 sassaka na katako, laser, yawanci yana amfani da wutar lantarki 15-25% a 300-500 mm/s, acrylic yana amfani da 10-20% wuta a 350–400 mm/s, fata tana amfani da wutar lantarki 10–15% a 200–400 mm/s, kuma ƙarfe mai rufi yana amfani da 15–30% A yi amfani da wutar lantarki a 250–350 mm/s. A koyaushe a yi gwajin yanke kayan da aka yayyanka kafin a fara aikin.
Menene Saitunan Zane-zanen Laser?
Saitunan sassaka na Laser suna nufin haɗuwar gudu, ƙarfi, mita (PPI/Hz), da ƙuduri (DPI) waɗanda ke sarrafa yadda laser ke hulɗa da wani abu da aka bayar. Samun waɗannan sigogi daidai shine bambanci tsakanin sassaka mai ƙyalli, ƙwararre da kuma gurɓataccen abu da ba za a iya karantawa ba. Ko kuna amfani da CO2 Laser engraving injiko kuma Laser diode, ko kuma fiber Laser alama inji, fahimtar waɗannan mahimman sigogi yana tabbatar da sakamako mai maimaitawa, mai inganci a cikin kowane aiki.
Wannan jagorar tana ba da shawarar saitunan farawa guda 4 daga cikin kayan da aka fi sassaka, tare da shawarwari masu amfani da aka tattara daga masu sarrafa injina, masu ginin bita, da masu ƙera masana'antu a duk duniya.
Mahimman Sigogi Da Ke Shafar Ingancin Zane-zane
Kafin a daidaita kowane saituna, yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar abin da kowanne sigogi ke sarrafawa da kuma yadda suke hulɗa da juna.
| siga | Abin da Yake Sarrafa |
|---|---|
| Ƙarfi (%) | Ƙarfin hasken laser. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma yana ƙonewa da zurfi. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da yawa yana ƙone kayan da ba su da kyau. |
| Gudun (mm/s) | Saurin motsin kan laser. Saurin gudu yana samar da alamun haske; saurin gudu mai sauri yana ƙara zurfi da fallasa zafi. |
| Mita (PPI/Hz) | Yawan bugun jini na laser. Mafi girman mita yana samar da layuka masu santsi don sassaka; ƙarancin mita ya dace da yanke vector. |
| Yankewa (DPI) | Yawan digo na zane-zanen. 300 DPI ya dace da rubutu da tambari; ana buƙatar DPI sama da 600 don cikakkun bayanai na hoto. |
| Taimakon Jirgin | Iska mai matsewa da ake hurawa a wurin yankewa. Yana rage ƙonewa a kan itace, yana hana ƙonewa a kan acrylic, kuma yana share tarkace daga yankin aiki. |
| Mayar da hankali | Nisa tsakanin ruwan tabarau da saman kayan. Daidaitaccen mayar da hankali yana samar da ƙaramin girman tabo da mafi kaifi bayani. |
Hulɗar da ke tsakanin gudu da ƙarfi ita ce mafi mahimmanci tsakanin. Babban ƙarfi tare da ƙaramin gudu yana haifar da zane mai zurfi, duhu amma yana fuskantar haɗarin zafi sosai. Ƙarancin ƙarfi a babban gudu yana haifar da alamun saman da suka dace da aiki mai laushi. Nemo daidaiton da ya dace ga kowane abu shine babban ƙwarewar aikin laser. Don ƙarin bayani game da CO2 Sigogin laser, duba wannan CO2 Jagorar sigogin yanke laser.
Saitunan Zane-zanen Laser don Itace
Don sassaka itace a kan CO2 Laser, amfani da 15-40% Ƙarfin wutar lantarki a 300–500 mm/s don sassaka mai sauƙi zuwa matsakaici. Itacen katakai kamar maple suna buƙatar ƙarfi kaɗan fiye da bishiyoyi masu laushi kamar basswood. Kullum a yi amfani da taimakon iska don rage zafi.
Itace ta kasance mafi shaharar kayan sassaka laser saboda kyawunta na halitta, araha, da kuma yawan samuwa. Nau'ikan itace daban-daban suna amsawa daban-daban ga kuzarin laser dangane da yawansu, yawan resin, da matakin danshi. Itacen katakai kamar maple, ceri, da goro suna samar da sassaka mai bambanci mai gefuna masu kauri, yayin da bishiyoyi masu laushi kamar pine da basswood suna sassaka cikin sauƙi amma suna iya yin zafi idan saituna sun yi tsauri sosai. Plywood, musamman Baltic Birch, yana ba da sakamako mai daidaito saboda layukan sa iri ɗaya. Idan kuna bincike yanke itace da kuma sassaka laser A karo na farko, ana ba da shawarar fara da Baltic Birch plywood.
CO2 Saitunan Laser don Itace (Zane)
| Nau'in Itace | Ƙarfi (%) | Gudun (mm/s) | DPI | Taimakon Jirgin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basswood | 15-20 | 350-500 | 300-400 | On | Alamomi masu haske, masu tsabta |
| Bidiyon Baltic | 20-30 | 300-450 | 300-600 | On | Bambanci mai kyau |
| Maple | 25-40 | 300-400 | 400-600 | On | Babban bayani mai yiwuwa |
| gyada | 20-35 | 300-450 | 300-600 | On | Bambancin duhu na halitta |
| Pine | 15-25 | 350-500 | 300 | On | Yana da sauƙin amfani; amfani da ƙarancin wutar lantarki |
| MDF | 15-25 | 350-500 | 300-400 | On | Sakamakon Uniform |
Saitunan da aka dogara da 60W CO2 Laser. A auna ƙarfin lantarki gwargwadon iko ga sauran wattages.
Nasihu Masu Kyau Don Itace: A sassaka farko, sannan a shafa tabo ko gogewa don ƙarin bambanci. A tsaftace ragowar da kyallen microfiber mai ɗanɗano ko barasa mai isopropyl. Don sassaka mai zurfi, rage gudu da kashi 10-15% maimakon ƙara ƙarfi, wanda ke taimakawa hana ƙonewa a gefuna.
Saitunan Zane-zanen Laser don Acrylic
Don sassaka acrylic, yi amfani da layuka 10-20% wuta a 350–500 mm/s a kan CO2 Laser. Acrylic da aka yi da siminti yana samar da farin ƙarewa mai sanyi wanda ya dace da alamun. Acrylic da aka fitar yana ba da gefuna masu santsi amma ba su da bambanci sosai.
Acrylic shine kayan sassaka na laser na biyu mafi shahara, wanda aka yaba da kyawunsa, nau'in launi, da kuma juriyarsa. Babban bambanci shine tsakanin acrylic da aka siminti (wanda ya fi kyau don sassaka, yana samar da kyakkyawan ƙarewa mai sanyi) da acrylic da aka fitar (wanda ya fi kyau don yankewa, yana samar da gefuna masu gogewa). CO2 Lasers su ne zaɓin da aka saba amfani da shi don aikin acrylic saboda ana ɗaukar tsawon tsayin μm 10.6 yadda ya kamata ta hanyar kayan. Lasers na Diode suna fama da acrylic mai tsabta saboda hasken yana ratsa saman haske. Don fahimtar la'akari da aminci na aiki da wannan kayan, duba wannan albarkatun akan aminci acrylic yanke Laser yankan.
CO2 Saitunan Laser don Acrylic (Engraving)
| Nau'in Acrylic | Ƙarfi (%) | Gudun (mm/s) | DPI | Taimakon Jirgin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo (Bayyananne) | 10-18 | 400-500 | 300-600 | low | Farin gamawa mai sanyi |
| 'Yan wasa (Masu launi) | 12-20 | 350-450 | 300-600 | low | Babban bambanci akan duhu |
| Wucewa | 10-15 | 400-500 | 300 | low | Ƙarancin sanyi; gefuna masu kyau |
| Sautin 2 | 15-25 | 350-450 | 400-600 | low | Ya bayyana launi na biyu |
Saitunan da aka dogara da 60W CO2 Amfani da na'urar laser. Yi amfani da ƙaramin matsin lamba na iska don guje wa hura tarkace zuwa wuraren da aka sassaka.
Nasihu na Ƙwararru don Acrylic: Yi amfani da ƙarancin matsin lamba na iska don guje wa sake hura abin da ya narke cikin zane. Don alamun da ke haskakawa da LED, zana bayan acrylic mai tsabta don kare ƙirar. Yin amfani da tef ɗin canja wuri kafin zane yana rage tsaftacewa. Ana ba da shawarar saita saitin DPI na 600+ don hotunan hoto.
Saitunan Zane-zanen Laser don Fata
Zane-zanen fata a kan CO2 Laser yana aiki mafi kyau a cikin awanni 10-20% wuta da kuma 150–400 mm/s. Fata mai launin ganye yana samar da sakamako mafi tsafta. A guji fatar roba da aka yi da PVC, wadda ke fitar da iskar chlorine mai guba idan aka dumama ta.
Zane-zanen fata ya bunƙasa sosai a matsayin kasuwa, wanda ke haifar da buƙatar walat na musamman, bel, jakunkuna, faci, da kyaututtukan kamfanoni. Mafi kyawun fata don aikin laser shine fata mai launin ganye (mai launin ganye), wanda ke yin duhu kamar yadda aka zata kuma yana samar da bambanci mai yawa. Fata mai launin Chrome na iya aiki amma yana iya amsawa ba tare da daidaito ba. Fata mai roba ko ta bogi gabaɗaya tana da aminci idan tana da tushen PU (polyurethane), amma dole ne a guji amfani da roba na PVC gaba ɗaya saboda samar da hayaki mai guba. Samun iska mai kyau da cire hayaki suna da mahimmanci ga duk aikin fata. Don taƙaitaccen bayani game da yadda injunan sassaka laser ke aiki, ziyarci yadda Injin Zane na Laser ke aiki shafi na kayan aiki.
CO2 Saitunan Laser don Fata (Zane-zane)
| Nau'in Fata | Ƙarfi (%) | Gudun (mm/s) | DPI | Taimakon Jirgin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kayan lambu masu launin ruwan kasa (Mai haske) | 10-15 | 300-400 | 300-500 | Kashe/Ƙasa | Mafi kyawun bambanci da cikakkun bayanai |
| Kayan lambu (Tan) | 15-20 | 200-350 | 300-500 | Kashe/Ƙasa | Sannu a hankali don zurfin |
| Chrome-Tan | 10-18 | 250-400 | 300 | off | Gwada farko; sakamako ya bambanta |
| PU na roba | 8-15 | 300-450 | 300 | off | Ƙananan iko don guje wa narkewa |
Saitunan da aka dogara da 60W CO2 A koyaushe a tabbatar da an cire hayaki yadda ya kamata lokacin sassaka fata.
Nasihu na Ƙwararru ga Fata: Yi amfani da maganadisu ko nauyi don riƙe fata a kan gadon aiki. Sanya ɗan ruwa kaɗan kafin a zana shi don rage tabon hayaƙi a kusa da ƙirar. Kashe taimakon iska ko saita shi ƙasa sosai don hana alamun saman da ba a so. Sau da yawa wucewar haske sau da yawa yakan haifar da sakamako mafi kyau fiye da wucewar mai ƙarfi sau ɗaya.
Saitunan Zane-zanen Laser don Karfe
Zane-zanen ƙarfe yana buƙatar laser na zare don saman ƙarfe mara komai. CO2 Lasers na iya yin alama da ƙarfe mai anodized aluminum da aka shafa a digiri 15-30% Na'urorin laser na fiber suna sassaka bakin ƙarfe, tagulla, da titanium a digiri 20-60% iko ya danganta da zurfin da ake so.
Zane-zanen ƙarfe ya bambanta sosai dangane da nau'in laser da kuma maganin saman ƙarfe. CO2 Na'urorin laser ba za su iya sassaka ƙarfe mara komai kai tsaye ba saboda tsawon raƙuman 10.6 μm yana nuna saman ƙarfe. Duk da haka, CO2 Na'urorin laser na iya yin alamar aluminum mai anodized yadda ya kamata ta hanyar cire layin anodizing mai launi, kuma suna iya sassaka karafa marasa siffa idan aka yi amfani da mahaɗin alama (kamar CerMark ko Enduramark). Don sassaka ƙarfe mara siffa ba tare da shafi ba, a fiber Laser alama inji Yana da mahimmanci. Fiber lasers suna fitar da haske a 1.06 μm, wanda ƙarfe ke sha yadda ya kamata, wanda ke ba da damar sassaka mai zurfi, alamun annealing, da kuma sassaka saman da ba a saba gani ba a kan bakin ƙarfe, aluminum, tagulla, jan ƙarfe, da titanium.
Saitunan Laser na Fiber don Karfe (Zane/Alamar)
| Metal Type | Ƙarfi (%) | Gudun (mm/s) | Frequency | Ya wuce | Sakamako |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bakin Karfe | 40-60 | 200-500 | 20-50 kHz | 1-3 | Alamar baƙar fata |
| aluminum | 30-50 | 300-600 | 20-40 kHz | 1-2 | Alamar fari/toka |
| Brass | 40-70 | 150-400 | 20-30 kHz | 2-4 | Za a iya sassaka sassaka mai zurfi |
| titanium | 30-50 | 200-500 | m | 1-2 | Alamar launi a ƙarancin ƙarfi |
| Anodized Al (CO2) | 15-25 | 300-400 | N / A | 1 | Yana cire Layer na anodize |
Saitunan laser na fiber bisa ga 30W ɗaya. CO2 saitunan aluminum mai anodized bisa ga 60W ɗaya.
Don cikakken jagora kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin kauri na ƙarfe, gudu, da kuma wutar lantarki ga lasers na fiber, duba Gudun kauri na fiber laser da jadawalin wutar lantarkiDomin bincika farashi da zaɓuɓɓuka don saitin sassaka ƙarfe a Amurka, duba Jagorar farashin Injin Zane-zanen ƙarfe na Laser.
Zaɓar Nau'in Laser Mai Dacewa Don Kayanka
Ba kowace na'urar laser ke aiki da kowace kayan aiki ba. Zaɓin tushen laser daidai yana da mahimmanci kamar kiran sauri da saitunan wuta. Ga taƙaitaccen bayani game da jituwa cikin sauri don taimakawa wajen jagorantar shawarar kayan aikin ku.
| Material | Kayan Laser | CO2 Laser | Laser Laser |
|---|---|---|---|
| Itace | Good | m | Bai Dace ba |
| Acrylic (Siminti) | iyakance* | m | Bai Dace ba |
| fata | Good | m | Mai yiwuwa** |
| Bare Metal | Fuskar Sama Kawai*** | Tare da Shafi | m |
| Anodized Karfe | Limited | m | m |
Laser ɗin Diode ba zai iya yanke acrylic mai tsabta ba. **Zare na iya ƙone fata. ***Laser ɗin Diode yana buƙatar feshi mai alama don ƙarfe.
Yadda Ake Ƙirƙirar Grid Na Gwaji Don Sabbin Kayayyaki?
Hanya mafi inganci don yin kira a saitunan kayan da ba a sani ba ita ce gudanar da grid na gwaji mai sauri da ƙarfi. Wannan hanyar tana kawar da zato kuma tana ba da ma'anar zahiri da za ku iya ajiyewa don ayyukan nan gaba.
Mataki na 1: Ƙirƙiri grid na ƙananan murabba'ai (kowanne 10–15 mm) a cikin manhajar laser ɗinku. Sanya kowane ginshiƙi ƙimar gudu daban-daban kuma kowane layi ƙimar iko daban-daban.
Mataki na 2: Yi amfani da grid ɗin a kan wani tarkacen kayan da kake son amfani da su. Yi wa gatari alama kai tsaye a kan kayan don amfani da su.
Mataki na 3: A kimanta kowanne murabba'i don bambanci, zurfin, kaifin gefen, da kuma duk wani canji ko kama da launin da ya yi kama da na wuta. Zaɓi haɗin da ya fi dacewa da sakamakon da kake so.
Mataki na 4: Ajiye sigogin nasara azaman saitin da aka saita a cikin software na laser ɗinku (LightBurn, RDWorks, LaserGRBL, ko mai sarrafa injin ku) don sake tunawa da dannawa ɗaya akan ayyukan gaba.
Wannan tsarin tsari tsari ne na yau da kullun tsakanin ƙwararrun ma'aikata kuma yana adana lokaci mai yawa da ɓatar da kaya akan gwaji da kurakurai bazuwar. Ƙara koyo game da gabaɗaya aikin injin sassaka laser dabarun ƙarin inganta aikin aiki.
La'akari da Lafiya
Kowace abu tana samar da hayaki, barbashi, ko duka biyun yayin sarrafa laser. Tsarin cire hayaki mai kyau ba za a iya yin sulhu a kansa ba ga kowace cibiyar aikin laser. Bayan cirewa, bi waɗannan muhimman hanyoyin tsaro.
Kayan da ba za a taɓa amfani da su ba a Laser: PVC da vinyl (suna fitar da iskar hydrochloric acid), polycarbonate (suna canza launi, suna samar da hayaki mai guba), ABS (haɗarin cyanide), kayan da ke ɗauke da chlorine, da duk wani abu da ba a san abun da ke ciki ba. Idan kana cikin shakku, nemi Takardar Bayanan Tsaron Kayan Aiki (MSDS) daga mai samar maka da kayan aiki kafin a sarrafa shi.
Iska: Yi amfani da tsarin fitar da hayaki na musamman wanda aka kimanta shi da girman akwatin injin ku. Ana ba da shawarar tacewa ta layi tare da carbon mai aiki a wuraren bita ba tare da fitar da iska daga waje ba.
Rigakafin Gobara: Kada a taɓa barin na'urar laser mai aiki ba tare da an kula da ita ba. A ajiye na'urar kashe gobara a hannunka. A kunna na'urorin gano harshen wuta idan na'urarka tana goyon bayansu. Takarda, yadi, da fata mai siriri suna da sauƙin kamawa a ƙananan gudu da ƙarfi.
Tambayoyin da
Mene ne mafi kyawun nau'in laser ga masu farawa?
A 40–60W CO2 Laser yana ba da mafi yawan amfani ga masu farawa waɗanda ke son yin aiki a kan itace, acrylic, fata, da ƙarfe masu rufi. Laser ɗin Diode a cikin 10-20W Na'urorin sun fi araha kuma suna da kyau a yi amfani da itace da fata, amma an iyakance su da acrylic da ƙarfe.
Zan iya sassaka ƙarfe da CO2 Laser?
Sai da shiri. CO2 Lasers na iya yiwa aluminum mai anodized alama kai tsaye kuma suna iya sassaka karafa marasa komai idan aka fara amfani da wani abu mai alamar zafi. Don sassaka karfe na dindindin, wanda ba shi da rufi, ana buƙatar laser mai zare.
Ta yaya zan hana ƙonewa a kan itace?
Ƙara gudu, rage wutar lantarki, kuma tabbatar da cewa na'urar taimakawa iska tana aiki. Shafa tef ɗin fenti a saman kafin a sassaka shi ma yana iya rage ragowar hayaki. Bayan sassaka, a tsaftace da ɗanɗano da kuma ɗan yashi kaɗan idan ana buƙata.
Shin saitunan sassaka laser suna canzawa tare da shekarun injina?
Ee. CO2 Bututun laser suna lalacewa akan lokaci, suna rasa ƙarfin fitarwa a hankali. 60W zai iya saukowa zuwa 50W ko kuma ƙasa da haka bayan sa'o'i 2,000–4,000. Sake daidaita saitunan lokaci-lokaci kuma yi la'akari da maye gurbin bututu idan kun lura da ƙarancin aiki akai-akai. Wane DPI ya kamata in yi amfani da shi don zana hoto?
Zane-zanen hoto yawanci yana buƙatar DPI 600 ko sama da haka don cikakkun bayanai na sautin da aka yarda da su. Yi amfani da algorithm na dithering (Stucki ko Jarvis) a cikin software ɗinka don canza hotunan launin toka zuwa tsarin digo masu dacewa da laser. Saurin gudu da kuma mayar da hankali akai-akai suna da mahimmanci ga aikin daukar hoto.
