Injin sassaka na Hobby CNC: Ƙaramin aiki, Mai sauƙin amfani da tebur, kuma Mai araha

Idan kun taɓa jin daɗin lokacinku don ƙirƙirar ƙirar itace mai ban mamaki tare da ƙaramin injin CNC, saka hannun jari a cikin injin sassaƙaƙe na CNC na iya zama a gare ku. Baya ga zane-zane da fasaha, CNCs na sha'awa na iya yin alamu na musamman, tambura, kyaututtuka, ƙira, ƙira, har ma da PCBs.

Ga masu neman fara kasuwancin ku, kasuwanci ne mai fa'ida sosai ko aiki na cikakken lokaci. Zabi ne mai ban sha'awa ga masu farawa da ƙwararru. Baya ga riba mai ban mamaki, ƙaramin CNC yana da kyan gani. Yana iya zama babban kayan aiki na DIY, ƙananan kasuwancin farawa-farashi, ko ƙimar ƙoƙari don faɗaɗa masana'antar kasuwancin ku.

Bugu da kari, ƙaramin injin sassaƙaƙe na CNC shima kayan aikin sha'awa ne na DIYer da kuma kayan aikin koyarwa da horo da ake amfani da su a makarantu. Komai rawar da kuke, koyaushe yana tafiya cikin rayuwar ku kamar kuna da sabon abu don koyo.

Shin kuna shirye don samun ƙaramin injin CNC na ku don amfanin sha'awa ko amfanin kasuwanci? Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani kafin siyan.

definition

Injin Zane na CNC na sha'awa kayan aiki ne mai ƙanƙanta, wanda kwamfuta ke sarrafa shi, wanda aka ƙera musamman ga masu sha'awa. Yana da ƙaramin tebur na aiki kuma ana sarrafa shi ta kwamfuta ko mai sarrafa siginar dijital (DSP). A matsayin injin mai wayo, yana iya ƙididdige hanyoyin injin ta atomatik bisa ga ƙira da aka ƙirƙira akan kwamfuta. Tsarin aiki yana farawa da amfani da software na CAD/CAM akan kwamfuta don ƙirƙirar ƙira da tsara tsare-tsaren da za a yanke. Na gaba, ana zaɓar ɓangaren na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da ya dace, kuma software na shirye-shiryen CNC yana ƙididdige hanyoyin injin ta atomatik bisa ga wannan kayan aikin. Sannan ana fitar da fayil ɗin hanyar da aka samu kuma ana shigo da shi cikin mai sarrafa CNC. A ƙarshe, ana gudanar da kwaikwayon don tabbatar da cewa komai daidai ne, sannan za ku iya fara injin ta hanyar mai sarrafawa kuma ku fara ainihin tsarin injin.

iri

Akwai nau'ikan injunan CNC na sha'awa iri 6: ƙananan nau'ikan, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan tebur, nau'ikan tebur, nau'ikan benchtop, nau'ikan tebur, nau'ikan šaukuwa.

Features

• Yana ɗaukar layin dogo na jagorar da aka yi amfani da shi musamman don kayan aikin injin sarrafa kwamfuta ta atomatik, an riga an ɗora shingen faifan, tare da tsauri mai kyau kuma babu tazara.

• Tsarin hana tsangwama na aiki tare na software da hardware, babban aiki, masana'antar PC motherboard, don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin. Advanced 3-dimensional intelligent tsinkaya algorithms tabbatar da high-gudun aiki da kuma high madaidaici na masu lankwasa da madaidaiciya Lines.

• Kyakkyawan dacewa da software, mai dacewa da nau'in 3, Artcam, Castmate, UG da sauran CAD da CAM ƙira da software na samarwa.

• Yana da aikin raguwa da ci gaba da sassaka bayan gazawar wutar lantarki, gyara fayil ɗin lambar kuskure a cikin lokaci, da kuma gyara kuskuren atomatik lokacin dawowa zuwa asalin.

• Duk injin ɗin yana ɗaukar tsarin simintin gyare-gyare, tsauri mai ƙarfi, babu nakasu, sandar ƙwanƙwasa ƙwaya biyu da layin jagora don tabbatar da aiki mai sauri da daidaici.

• Babban direban ƙaramin mataki mai ƙarfi yana sa zanen ya zama daidai da kwanciyar hankali; Motar dunƙule mai sanyaya ruwa mai yawan mitoci da ƙirar dunƙule mai musanyawa tana ba da damar sassaƙa, niƙa da yanke.

• Cikakken tsarin sarrafa lamba ta atomatik, mai sauƙin haɓakawa da faɗaɗawa, babban nunin allo, sauƙin aiki, mafi sauƙin kulawa, da ƙarin ƙira mai sauƙin amfani.

Aikace-aikace

Injin sassaƙa na CNC na sha'awa ana amfani da su a cikin ƙananan kasuwanci, ƙananan kanti, kasuwancin gida, kantin gida, mai sana'a, mai sha'awar sha'awa, talla, aikin katako, alamu, tambura, haruffa, lambobi, zane-zane, fasaha, ƙirar gini, alamar alama, lamba, bangon nuni, kayan daki, da kayan ado.

Katako

Ƙofar katako da kayan ɗaki, tagogi, teburi, kujeru, kabad, fanai, 3D farantin igiyar ruwa, MDF, tebur na kwamfuta, kayan kiɗa.

talla

Billboard, tambari, alama, 3D Yanke haruffa, yankan acrylic, tashar LED/Neon, yanke-rami na zahiri, ƙirar akwatin haske, tambari, mold.

Mutuwar Masana'antu

Hoton jan karfe, zane-zane na aluminum, gyare-gyaren karfe, zanen filastik, PVC.

Kayan ado

Acrylic, allon yawa, dutsen wucin gadi, gilashin halitta, karafa masu laushi kamar aluminum da jan karfe.

Ilimin Makaranta

bayani dalla-dalla

Jagoran Farashi

Yawancin farashin siyan Injin sassaƙa na CNC na sha'awa sun fito ne daga hardware (ɓangarorin da kayan haɗi) da software na CAD/CAM (wasu kyauta ne). Da kadan kamar kewaye $2,800 zuba jari, za ka iya gaba ɗaya samun asali kananan CNC inji sama da gudu. Yawancin DIYers suna ba da shawarar siyan kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su ko gyara su, waɗanda zaku iya samu tsakanin $800 da $2,200. Wani sabon na'ura CNC sha'awa zai kudin ko'ina daga $2,480 ku $20,000, ya danganta da fasali, salo da girman tebur.

Bayan injin kanta, zaku kuma so kuyi la'akari da farashin jigilar injin ku. Ya danganta da girman, nauyi, da kuma inda zaku jigilar injin, wannan na iya ɗaukar 'yan ɗari zuwa dubban daloli.

Dauki kasafin ku

Ribobi & Cons

A gaskiya ma, yawancin kayan aikin katako, zane-zane, kayan ado, da alamun tallace-tallace da ake gani a rayuwar yau da kullum ana yin su tare da CNC na sha'awa. Idan aka kwatanta da yankan hannu, yana da sauri kuma yanke ya fi kyau, to menene fa'idodinsa?

• Ƙarancin shigarwar kuɗi da sakamako mai sauri. Sculpture aiki ne da ke buƙatar haƙuri mai yawa, don haka ladan ƙwararrun masu sassaƙa suna da yawa. Idan masana’anta ta dauki ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, dole ne a sami aƙalla ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana’anta, kuma albashin ba kaɗan ba ne. Kodayake farashin kayan aikin injin sarrafa kwamfuta na atomatik yana da tsada sosai, ingancin samarwa yana da yawa, kuma ana iya dawo da farashi cikin sauri.

• Gudun yankan yana da sauri. Yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don yanke aikin da hannu. Idan injin sarrafa lambobi ne na kwamfuta, ana iya kammala shi cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan, wanda ke rage lokacin yankan da ake buƙata sosai. Daga ra'ayi na kimanta farashi, lokaci a zahiri yana nufin kuɗi da fa'idodi.

• Warware ƙarancin Injinan sassaƙa na wucin gadi waɗanda ke buƙatar haƙuri da juriya sosai. Matasan a yau ba su da sha’awar wannan sana’a, wanda hakan ya haifar da raguwar hazaka a wannan sana’a, sannan kuma akwai karancin injinan sassaƙa na roba a kasuwa.

• Injin sarrafa kwamfuta yana da tasiri mai kyau da inganci. Idan aka kwatanta da yankan hannu, yana adana lokaci, aiki da ingantaccen aiki, kuma masu amfani sun fi so.

Amintacciyar Jagora

Injin CNC na sha'awa yakamata ya kula da hanyar aiki. Hanyar aiki daidai ba zata iya sa injin ya yi aiki akai-akai ba kuma ya guje wa lalacewa, amma kuma tabbatar da amincin mai aiki.

Kariyar tsaro don aiki:

⚠️ Bayan saita wurin fara aikin injin, dole ne ka cire sifilin daidaitawar aikin don gatari X, Y, da Z.

⚠️ Daidaita saurin injin da saurin juyawa don hana karyewar kayan aiki sakamakon saurin da ya yi yawa ko ƙasa da haka.

⚠️ A lokacin tsarin saita kayan aiki ta atomatik, tabbatar da cewa akwai rufin lantarki tsakanin toshewar kayan aiki da ƙaramin injin CNC.

⚠️ Lokacin fara aiki, idan ba ka da tabbas game da yankewar farko, rage yawan ciyarwa; da zarar ka tabbatar da cewa injin yana tafiya daidai, koma zuwa ga saurin da aka saba. Hakanan zaka iya yin gwajin gudu (bushewar gudu) a cikin wani wuri mara komai don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki.

⚠️ Idan na'urar ta tsaya ba tare da aiki ba na tsawon lokaci, yi amfani da man shafawa sannan a kunna na'urar ba tare da wani kaya ba sau ɗaya a mako don kiyaye sassaucin tsarin tuƙi.

⚠️ Aiki na yau da kullun bai kamata ya wuce awanni 10 ba. Domin tabbatar da tsaftataccen ruwan sanyaya da kuma aikin famfo mai kyau, kada a taɓa amfani da injin spindle mai sanyaya ruwa ba tare da ruwa ba; a riƙa canza ruwan sanyaya akai-akai don hana zafi sosai, sannan a yi la'akari da amfani da babban tanki mai ƙarfin aiki don ƙara yawan ruwan da ke zagayawa.

⚠️ A tsaftace injin bayan kowane amfani ta hanyar cire ƙura daga teburin aiki da tsarin tuƙi, sannan a riƙa shafa mai a tsarin tuƙi na X, Y, da Z akai-akai.

⚠️ Ana ba wa masu aiki shawara su sanya abin rufe fuska na ƙura da gilashin kariya lokacin amfani da injin CNC don kare kansu daga rashin jin daɗi da ƙura ko wasu ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa yayin aikin injin.

⚠️ Sanya tsarin cire ƙura mai dacewa a kan injin sannan ka zaɓi kayan aikin tattara ƙura masu dacewa.

Shigarwa da aiki

Mataki 1: Saita Injin

Gargaɗi: Dole ne a yi duk ayyukan tare da katse wutar lantarki.

☑ Haɗa babban na'urar injin zuwa akwatin sarrafawa.

☑ Haɗa kebul na bayanai na sarrafawa daga babban na'urar injin zuwa akwatin sarrafawa.

☑ Haɗa filogin wutar lantarki daga babban na'urar injin zuwa wani tsari na yau da kullun 220V (ko 380V) wutar lantarki.

☑ Haɗa akwatin sarrafawa da kwamfutar: haɗa ƙarshen kebul na bayanai ɗaya a cikin tashar shigar da siginar bayanai ta akwatin sarrafawa da ɗayan ƙarshen kuma a cikin kwamfutar.

☑ Haɗa igiyar wutar lantarki: haɗa ƙarshen ɗaya cikin akwatin sarrafawa na wutar lantarki da ɗayan ƙarshen kuma cikin daidaitaccen tsari 220V hanyar fitar da wutar lantarki.

☑ Sanya na'urar sadarwa a ƙarshen ƙasƙantaccen spindle ta amfani da madaurin spring collet. Don shigar da kayan aikin, saka madaurin spring collet mai girman da ya dace a cikin ramin spindle mai kauri, sanya kayan aikin a cikin ramin collet na tsakiya, sannan a ƙara madaurin spindle ta hanyar juya babban madaurin a akasin agogo don ɗaure kayan aikin.

Mataki na 2: Tsarin Aikin Aiki

☑ Shirya tsarin bisa ga buƙatun abokin ciniki da ƙira, ƙididdige hanyoyin injina daidai, kuma adana fayilolin hanya da suka dace da kayan aikin daban-daban (ana ba da shawarar a adana su azaman fayiloli daban).

☑ Bayan tabbatar da hanyoyin, buɗe fayil ɗin hanya a cikin tsarin sarrafa injin sassaka (akwai samfoti).

☑ A ɗaure kayan aikin kuma a saita asalin injin. A kunna injin spindle sannan a daidaita shi zuwa ga saurin juyawa da ya dace.

☑ Haɗa wutar lantarki sannan ka kunna injin.

Mataki 3: Farawa

☑ Kunna maɓallin wuta; hasken alamar wuta zai kunna. Injin da kwamfuta ke sarrafawa zai fara sake saitawa da kuma gwada kansa, yana ɗaga gatari X, Y, da Z kafin ya koma wurin jiran aiki na farko (asalin injin).

☑ Yi amfani da na'urar sarrafawa ta hannu don daidaita gatari X, Y, da Z zuwa wurin farawa na injin (asalin injin). Saita saurin juyawa da saurin ciyarwa don sanya injin a yanayin jiran aiki.

Mataki na 4: Machining

☑ Shirya fayil ɗin da za a sassaka.

☑ Buɗe aikin canja wurin fayil ɗin kuma aika fayil ɗin zuwa Injin Sassaka na CNC don aiwatar da aikin sassaka ta atomatik.

Mataki na 5: Kammala

☑ Bayan kammala aikin injin, injin zai ɗaga kayan aikin ta atomatik ya koma wani wuri kai tsaye sama da wurin fara aikin injin.

Shirya matsala

⛔ Kurakuran Ƙararrawa

Ƙararrawa ta "Overtravel" tana nuna cewa injin ya kai matsayin da ya rage a lokacin aiki. Da fatan za a duba waɗannan:

🛠️ Tabbatar idan girman zane-zanen da aka tsara ya wuce kewayon injin.

🛠️ Duba haɗin da ke tsakanin sandar motar da sukurorin jagora; ƙara matse sukurorin idan an sami wani sassauci.

🛠️ Tabbatar cewa na'urar da kwamfutar duka suna da tushe mai kyau.

🛠️ Duba idan ƙimar daidaitawa ta yanzu ta wuce iyakokin da aka ƙayyade ta software.

⛔ Ƙararrawa Mai Tafiya Fiye da Kima da Sake Sake saitawa

Idan wani lamari ya faru na wuce gona da iri, duk axis na motsi suna canzawa ta atomatik zuwa yanayin "Jog" (manual). Kawai danna ka riƙe maɓallin alkiblar hannu don motsa na'urar daga matsayin iyaka (share maɓallin iyaka na wuce gona da iri), kuma ana iya ci gaba da aiki yadda ya kamata.

🛠️ Kula da alkiblar motsi yayin motsa teburin aiki don tabbatar da cewa ya yi nisa da matsayin iyaka.

🛠️ Ƙararrawar iyaka ta software tana buƙatar share matsayin iyaka don gatari X, Y, da Z a cikin saitunan daidaitawa.

⛔ Kurakuran da Ba Su Da Alama

🛠️ Rashin isasshen daidaiton maimaitawa; da fatan za a duba batu na 2 a ƙarƙashin sashe na 1 don duba.

🛠️ Idan kwamfutar tana aiki amma na'urar ba ta motsawa, duba haɗin da ke tsakanin katin sarrafa kwamfuta da akwatin sarrafa wutar lantarki; idan ya yi sako-sako, sake haɗa shi da kyau kuma a matse sukurorin da ke gyarawa.

🛠️ Ba za a iya gano sigina ba lokacin da aka dawo da asalin injin; da fatan za a duba zuwa shafi na 2 don duba.

🛠️ Matsalar makullin kusanci a asalin injina.

⛔ Kurakuran Fitarwa

🛠️ Idan babu fitarwa, duba haɗin da ke tsakanin kwamfutar da akwatin sarrafawa.

🛠️ Duba idan sararin ajiya a cikin saitunan manajan injin ya cika kuma share fayilolin da ba a yi amfani da su ba.

🛠️ Duba hanyoyin haɗin waya don tabbatar da cewa layukan sigina ba su da sassauƙa.

⛔ Kurakuran Inji

🛠️ Duba ko akwai sukurori masu kwance a kan duk wani abu da aka haɗa.

🛠️ Tabbatar cewa hanyar injin da aka keɓance daidai ce.

🛠️ Duba ko girman fayil ɗin ya yi yawa, wanda ke haifar da kurakuran sarrafa kwamfuta.

🛠️ Daidaita saurin juyawa don dacewa da kayan (yawanci 8,000–24,000 RPM).

🛠️ Sake kwance kayan aikin, juya kayan aikin a hanya ɗaya, sannan a matse shi da kyau; tabbatar an sanya kayan aikin a tsaye don guje wa saman da aka zana ba daidai ba.

🛠️ Duba na'urar sadarwa don ganin lalacewa; idan ta lalace, a maye gurbinta da sabo sannan a sake fara aikin sassaka.

Girman Shi Zuwa Sararinka

Ana siyan injunan sha'awa don gidaje, gareji, da ɗakunan ajiya, don haka ɗakin yana yanke hukunci gwargwadon kasafin kuɗi. 2x3 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ta tebur yana zaune a kan benci yana riƙe da alamu, sana'o'i, da ƙira, yayin da 2x4 kayan aikin benci Ya dace da dogayen bangarori a bango. Tashi zuwa wani 4x4 Kayan da ke tsaye a ƙasa kuma kuna buƙatar sararin bene na gaske tare da sarari a kowane gefe don lodawa da tsaftacewa. Komai girmansa, benci yana da mahimmanci: waɗannan injunan suna da nauyi kuma suna rawar jiki, don haka daidaiton farashin tebur mai rauni babu takamaiman bayani da zai iya dawo da shi.

Aiki Cikin Iyakokin Injin

Ƙaramin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (router router) yana yin mafi yawan abin da babban na'ura ke yi, sai dai ya fi haƙuri. Firam ɗin haske da ƙananan sandunan juyawa sun fi son wucewar haske kaɗan: a ɗauki yanke haske da yawa maimakon yankewa ɗaya mai zurfi, musamman a cikin katako ko aluminum, kuma duka ƙarewa da rayuwar kayan aiki suna inganta. Zagayen aiki ma yana da mahimmanci, kuma yin aiki fiye da sa'o'i goma a rana yana buƙatar injin da ke da sha'awa sosai, don haka tsara hutu kuma a kiyaye ruwan sanyaya na spindle a tsabta da cika. Girmama waɗannan iyakoki shine abin da ke raba injin da ke ɗaukar shekaru da yawa daga wanda ke ɓata lokaci cikin watanni.

Riƙe Ƙananan Sassan Ƙasa

Ƙaramin aiki yana da wahalar riƙewa fiye da babban aiki, domin maƙallan suna nan daidai inda Injin Yanke yake son zuwa. Amsar bitar ita ce tef ɗin mai zane a kan ɓangaren da kuma allon da aka yi da spoilboard tare da ɗigon superglue a tsakaninsu, wanda ke riƙe da ƙarfi sosai kuma yana barewa sosai. Allon da aka keɓe tare da fil ɗin gano wuri yana biyan kuɗi idan aka yanke ɓangaren iri ɗaya akai-akai, kuma Kit ɗin juyawa mai ƙafa 4 yana ƙara ninka wannan rukunin ta hanyar yanke kwafi da yawa a lokaci guda. Duk abin da kuka yi amfani da shi, tabbatar babu abin da ya manne a cikin hanyar kayan aiki.

Girman da ya dace da sararin ku:

Jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata na siyayya a gida:

✔ Auna benci kafin a auna na'urar.

✔ Bar wuri don yawo a duk ɓangarorin 4.

✔ Yi amfani da ƙananan pass maimakon tilasta zurfin.

✔ Tef ɗin kuma a manne ƙananan sassa a kan allon ɓoyewa.

✔ A tsaftace ruwan sanyi na spindle sannan a rufe shi da kyau.