CNC masana'antu injinan niƙa ne na ƙididdigewa na kwamfuta, waɗanda ke zuwa tare da gatari 3, 4 ko 5 don yin aikin niƙa lokaci guda.
Injin niƙa na CNC babban maƙerin ƙarfe ne mai ƙirƙira mai tsayi mai sauri, injin servo mai ƙarfi da tsarin gado mai nauyi, wanda ke aiki kama da CNC machining cibiyar kuma yana iya yin mashin ɗin niƙa, hakowa, gundura, reaming da tapping.
Injin niƙa na CNC yana amfani da kwamfuta don sarrafa ayyukan shirye-shirye, fitar da injin zuwa aiki, da cimma aikin niƙa na ƙarshe. Don haka, idan masu farawa suna so su koyi yadda ake sarrafa injin CNC cikin sauƙi, suna buƙatar samun takamaiman ilimin kwamfutoci da CNC.
Sabbin sababbin suna kokawa tare da matakan aiki masu dacewa, kuma masu injin CNC suna yawo a kan hanyar ci gaba. Yadda ake nemo mafi kyawun umarnin aiki?
Anan akwai matakai 9 masu sauƙi-da-bi don sarrafa injin niƙa CNC tare da sauƙi, ko kai mafari ne ko ƙwararre.
CNC Milling Machine Matakan Aiki
Mataki 1. Komawa zuwa wurin tunani
Mataki 2. Matsar da tebur na inji zuwa tsakiyar na'ura (latsa maɓalli mara kyau, in ba haka ba zai wuce), kuma sanya kayan aiki a kan tebur.
Mataki na 3. Yi amfani da alamar bugun kira don daidaitawa, sa'an nan kuma danna workpiece (idan aikin ya ba da izini, ana iya niƙa shi bayan clamping, to, alamar bugun kira ba a yi amfani da ita don daidaitawa); idan ka yi amfani da lebur-hankali, dole ne ka gyara na 1st muƙamuƙi.
Mataki 4. Kayan aiki saitin: sandal sanye take da kayan aiki saitin kayan aiki, sandal yana juyawa gaba (kayan kayan aikin kayan aikin hoto ba ya juyawa), saitin kayan aiki na 1st X, juya (latsa) ƙirar aiki zuwa dabaran hannu, 1st matsar da kayan aiki zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen workpiece, sannan — Sannu a hankali kusanci da workpiece a cikin X shugabanci har sai da shi ne a cikin shugabanci ba zai iya dauke da kayan aiki a cikin daidai, 2st X shugabanci ba zai iya zama daidai ba, ya dauke da madaidaicin hanyar Z. X shugabanci, sa'an nan matsar da kayan aiki zuwa karshen hagu na workpiece, sa'an nan kuma sannu a hankali kusanci workpiece a cikin + X shugabanci har zuwa daidai, dauke da kayan aiki a cikin Z shugabanci (Ba za a iya matsawa a X shugabanci), tuna dangi daidaita darajar a cikin shugabanci X a wannan lokaci, raba shi da don samun darajar, sa'an nan matsar da wannan darajar a + X shugabanci, rikodin na'ura daidaitawa a wannan lokaci daidai, da kuma cika a cikin tsarin daidaitawa workpiece.
Mataki na 5. Ta wannan hanyar, saita kayan aiki a cikin hanyar Y daga + Y zuwa -Y.
Mataki na 6. Z-direction kayan aiki saitin: amfani Feel ma'auni, aunawa sanda, Z-direction saitin kayan aiki, da dai sauransu don saita kayan aiki, bayan daidai, ƙara wani mummunan darajar zuwa halin yanzu inji daidaita darajar (feer ma'auni, ma'auni sandar, Z-direction saitin na'urar, da dai sauransu) The kauri ne cika a cikin workpiece daidaita tsarin.
Mataki na 7. Idan kuna gudanar da shirin da aka gyara da hannu, dole ne ku kuma cika ƙimar radius na kayan aiki a cikin diyya na kayan aiki.
Mataki 8. Run manual programming: kira up da shirin, danna atomatik, danna guda segment, sa'an nan kuma danna sake zagayowar don farawa.
Mataki 9. Run atomatik shirye-shirye: danna DNC (Direct Numerical Control), danna guda daya, latsa sake zagayowar don farawa, da kuma sadarwa software a kan PC latsa aika.
CNC Milling Machine Dokokin Aiki
⇲ Mai aiki ya kamata ya saba da abun da ke ciki, tsari da yanayin amfani na injin niƙa CNC da aka yi amfani da shi, kuma yana aiki sosai daidai da buƙatun littafin aiki na kayan aikin injin, da ƙoƙarin guje wa gazawar da ba ta dace ba.
⇲ Lokacin aiki da kayan aikin injin, yi ado daidai yadda ake buƙata.
⇲ Cire cikas da kayan aikin aunawa akan bencin aiki, layin dogo, saman zamewa, da sauransu kafin farawa, sannan cire kayan aikin matsawa cikin lokaci. Bincika ko inji, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, pneumatic da sauran aiki hannaye, bawuloli, switches, da dai sauransu suna cikin da ba aiki matsayi, da kuma duba ko da wuka mariƙin yana a cikin da ba aiki matsayi. Bincika ko man da ke cikin akwatin yana cikin ƙayyadadden ma'auni, kuma ƙara mai bisa ga ginshiƙi mai laushi ko littafin jagora.
⇲ Kunna da kashewa a jere, kunna na'urar CNC na 1st sannan ku kunna tsarin CNC, kashe tsarin CNC na 1 sannan ku kashe kayan aikin injin.
⇲ Bayan kun kunna na'ura, komawa zuwa wurin tunani don kafa tsarin daidaita na'ura.
⇲ Lokacin motsa tebur da hannu tare da kwatancen axis X da Y, axis Z dole ne ya kasance a wuri mai aminci h8, kuma kula da lura ko kayan aiki yana motsawa akai-akai yayin motsi.
⇲ Daidaita kayan aikin, ƙayyade tsarin daidaitawa na workpiece, kuma duba bayanan.
⇲ Bayan an shigar da shirin, ya kamata a bincika a hankali, gami da duba lambar, umarni, adireshi, ƙima, alamar, maki goma da nahawu don tabbatar da cewa daidai yake.
⇲ Bayan an cire shirin, kafin aiwatar da yanke hukunci, sake duba ko shirin, kayan aiki, kayan aiki, kayan aiki, sigogi, da sauransu daidai ne.
⇲ Bayan an shigar da ƙimar diyya na kayan aiki, lambar diyya ta kayan aiki, ƙimar diyya, alamar, da maki goma ya kamata a bincika a hankali.
⇲ Manne da amfani da Injinan Yankan daidai da ka'idojin fasaha da hanyoyin fasaha. Kafin yin aikin injiniya na yau da kullun, shirye-shiryen da aka shigar da sigogi ya kamata a bincika a hankali, kuma yakamata a gudanar da gwajin gwajin shirin don hana karo tsakanin kayan aikin da kayan aikin yayin aiki da lalata kayan injin da kayan aiki.
⇲ Lokacin danne yanki na aikin, duba ko jig ɗin yana tsoma baki tare da motsin kayan aiki.
⇲ Yayin yankan gwaji, dole ne a juye juyewar canjin ciyarwa zuwa ƙananan kaya. Lokacin da kayan aiki ke tafiya zuwa kayan aiki 30-50mm, Dole ne ya kasance ƙarƙashin riƙon ciyarwa don tabbatar da ko ragowar ƙimar daidaitawar axis Z da ƙimar daidaitawar axis X da Y sun yi daidai da bayanan shirin sarrafawa.
⇲ Bayan zazzage kayan aiki da canza kayan aiki, yakamata a sake auna tsayin kayan aiki kuma a canza ƙimar kayan aiki da lambar kashe kayan aiki.
⇲ Bayan an sake bitar shirin, sai a lissafta bangaren da aka bita da kyau kuma a duba a hankali.
⇲ Yayin ci gaba da aikin ciyarwar da hannu, dole ne ka bincika ko wuraren da aka zaɓa ta hanyar sauyawa daban-daban daidai ne, ƙayyade ingantattun kwatance da mara kyau, sannan aiwatar da aikin.
⇲ Bada injin ya yi aiki sama da mintuna 15 bayan kunna ta ta yadda injin zai iya kaiwa ga daidaiton zafi.
⇲ Bayan an gama mashin ɗin, matsar da gatura X, Y, da Z zuwa tsakiyar bugun jini, sannan saita saurin igiya da ƙimar ciyarwa ta juye zuwa ƙaramin gear wuri don hana na'urar daga kuskuren aiki saboda rashin aiki.
⇲ Da zarar an sami yanayi mara kyau yayin aikin injin, yakamata a danna maɓallin dakatarwar gaggawa nan da nan don ƙare duk motsi da ayyukan injin. Bayan gyara matsala, za'a iya sake sarrafa na'urar kuma za'a iya aiwatar da shirin.
⇲ Lokacin lodawa da sauke wuka, riƙe kayan aikin da farko, sannan danna maɓallin canza kayan aiki; lokacin shigar da kayan aiki, saki hannun bayan tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin yana da cikakken zama kuma an ƙarfafa shi. An haramta gudanar da igiya yayin canjin kayan aiki.
⇲ Lokacin da ƙararrawar kayan aikin injin ta faru, yakamata a gano dalilin bisa lambar ƙararrawa kuma a kawar da ita cikin lokaci.
⇲ Tare da izinin malami, ba a yarda a saka U (hard) disk da CD-ROM a cikin kwamfutar da aka haɗa tare da kayan aikin CNC ba, kuma ba a yarda a gyara ko goge shirye-shiryen da ke cikin kwamfutar ba.
⇲ Bayan sarrafawa, tsaftace wurin, tsaftace fayilolin ƙarfe na CNC inji kayan aiki, goge layin dogo mai tsabta, mai da hana tsatsa.
Abubuwan da za'ayi la'akari dasu
A taƙaice, ƙware wajen sarrafa injin niƙa na CNC ba wani abu ba ne da za a iya samu cikin dare ɗaya. Yana buƙatar tara ayyuka masu amfani na tsawon lokaci don canzawa daga novice zuwa ƙwararren ƙwararren. Tabbatar ku tuna kada ku yi gaggawa don samun nasara mai sauri.
